Could renewables be key to Europe’s energy security?
Europe’s greatest insecurity stems from its dependence on imported fossil fuels
A new analysis report ‘Security of Sustainable Energy Supplies’ written by experts from Europe’s national science academies for the EASAC Energy Programme, highlights that Europe’s greatest insecurity stems from its dependence on imported fossil fuels, mainly oil and gas.
Geopolitics and energy security are inextricably linked
The dependency exposes the continent to geopolitical blackmail and makes it economically vulnerable. Since Russia’s war on Ukraine, the reduction in gas supplies in times of crisis has exposed Europe’s vulnerability. Autocratic regimes use energy dependence as a means of exerting pressure. Cyber-attacks and acts of sabotage are on the rise. Pipelines, power grids, and liquefied natural gas terminals are potential targets.
The report Security of Sustainable Energy Supplies explains that only a well-managed transition to sustainable domestic energy and innovative technologies made in Europe can offer a secure and prosperous future.
Recommendations from the report include:
- Phasing out fossil fuels and switching to sustainable energies will strengthen energy security.
- Financing for strengthening electricity infrastructure and protection against cyber attacks.
- Investments in implementation of energy security policies and commitments are key.
- Integrated energy markets will improve energy security, sustainability and affordability.
- Citizen engagement can reduce societal tensions and promote the energy transition.
- “Energy efficiency first” for electrification of end uses with sustainable energy supplies.
- Grid flexibility management is becoming increasingly important.
- Backup electricity generation will be needed for the long-term (during low wind / low solar).
- A more circular economy will improve energy security by reducing energy demand.
- Diversity of suppliers and coordinated purchasing are needed for fossil and sustainable fuels.
- Improve foresight of geopolitical developments would help with managing energy security.
- Much can be done with proven technologies, but further research and innovation is justified.
No security without energy security
Report co-author Benjamin Sovacool says that “The data is shocking: across Europe, about 1 out of every ten people suffers from energy poverty, and the United Kingdom has the highest number of households reported in energy poverty across the entire continent. Local authorities, national governments, and energy suppliers all have an ethical responsibility deliver more affordable energy services to citizens and businesses.”
Bennett Institute’s Matthew Agarwala also comments “For decades, energy price shocks have triggered and deepened UK recessions, squeezing businesses and households alike. Since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, fossil fuel price spikes have cost the average UK household over £3,000. Homegrown renewable energy would help avoid these shocks, and is essential for economic security and resilience.”
Read the full report
Benjamin Sovacool, nominated by the Royal Society, was part of a team of 27 scientists from all over Europe who authored the report. Their aim to support European decision-makers with facts, analyses and recommendations for action. The report is published by EASAC.
